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Psychiatric rehabilitation, also known as psychosocial rehabilitation, and sometimes simplified to psych rehab by providers, is the process of restoration of community functioning and well-being of an individual diagnosed in mental health or mental or emotional disorder and who may be considered to have a psychiatric disability. Society affects the psychology of an individual by setting number of rules, expectations and laws. Psychiatric rehabilitation work is undertaken by rehabilitation counselors (especially the individuals educated in psychiatric rehabilitation), licensed professional counselors (who work in the mental health field), psych rehab consultants or specialists (in private businesses), university level Masters and PhD levels, classes of related disciplines in mental health (psychiatrists, social workers, psychologists, occupational therapists) and community support or allied health workers represented in the new direct support professional workforce in the United States (e.g., psychiatric aides). These workers seek to affect changes in a person's environment and in a person's ability to deal with his/her environment, so as to facilitate improvement in symptoms or personal distress and life outcomes. These services often "combine pharmacologic treatment (often required for program admission), independent living and social skills training, psychological support to clients and their families, housing, vocational rehabilitation and employment, social support and network enhancement and access to leisure activities." There is often a focus on challenging stigma and prejudice to enable social inclusion, on working collaboratively in order to empower clients, and sometimes on a goal of full recovery. The latter is now widely known as a recovery approach or model.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Social inclusion and recovery" )〕 Yet, new in these fields is a person-centered approach to recovery and client-centered therapy based upon Carl Rogers. and user-service direction (as approved in the US by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services). ==Definition== Psychiatric rehabilitation is not a practice but a field of academic study or discipline, similar to social work or political science; other definitions may place it as a specialty of community rehabilitation or physical medicine and rehabilitation. It is aligned with the community support development of the National Institute on Mental Health begun in the 1970s, and is marked by a rigorous tradition of research, training and technical assistance, and information dissemination regarding a critical population group (e.g., psychiatric disability)in the US and worldwide.〔 Dion, G.L. & Anthony, W.A. (1987). Research in psychiatric rehabilitation: A review of experimental and quasi-experimental studies. ''Rehabilitation Counseling'', 30: 177-203. 〕 The field is responsible for developing and testing new models of community service for this population group.〔 Danley, K.S., Sciarappa, K., & MacDonald-Wilson, K. (1992). Choose-get-keep: A psychiatric rehabilitation approach to supported employment. In: R.D. Liberman, ''New Directions in Mental Health Services: Effective Psychiatric Rehabilitation'' (Vol. 53, pp.87-96). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.〕〔 Anthony, W.A., Cohen, M. R., & Farkas, M.D. (1990). ''Psychiatric Rehabilitation''. Boston: Boston University., Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 〕〔 Cohen, M. R., Farkas, M.D., & Cohen, B.F. (1986). ''Psychiatric Rehabilitation Training Technology: Functional Assessment''. Boston: Boston University, Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 〕〔 Anthony, W.A. (1979). ''The Principles of Psychiatric Rehabilitation''. Baltimore, MD: Baltimore, MD: University Park Press. 〕〔 Flexor, R.W. & Solomon, P.L. (1993). ''Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Practice''. Boston: Andover Medical. 〕 The Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association (formerly the United States Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association) provides this definition of psychiatric rehabilitation: Psychiatric rehabilitation promotes recovery, full community integration, and improved quality of life for persons who have been diagnosed with any mental health condition that seriously impairs their ability to lead meaningful lives. Psychiatric rehabilitation services are collaborative, person-directed and individualized. These services are an essential element of the health care and human services spectrum, and should be evidence-based. They focus on helping individuals develop skills and access resources needed to increase their capacity to be successful and satisfied in the living, working, learning, and social environments of their choice.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.uspra.org/about-pra )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Psychiatric rehabilitation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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